The public school system

Canada has no federal education department. Each province and territory runs its own school system, so curriculum and rules differ, though the overall structure is similar.

School levels

According to the Council of Ministers of Education, Canada (CMEC), most provinces require school attendance from age 6 to 16; some start at 5 and some extend to 18 or high school graduation.

Public schools

• Public education is free for those who meet age and residence requirements.
• Schools are run by elected school boards (also called school districts or divisions).
• Schools provide textbooks; parents usually buy other supplies.
• By law, children must be educated, and parents are responsible for enrolling them and making sure they attend.

School life

• Boys and girls learn together in most schools.
• Students get report cards and must meet the curriculum to move up a grade.
• Many schools have school buses, extracurricular activities (sports, arts, clubs) and field trips.
• Schools may close for a day or more in winter because of snowstorms.
• Bullying is not tolerated; if your child is bullied, talk to the teacher or principal.
• Many schools have programs for students with special needs, including language support.

Enrolment documents

According to IRCC, to enrol a child in primary or secondary school you need:

• a birth certificate;
• proof of guardianship or custody;
• proof of residence;
• immunization records.

Contact your local school board to enrol.

Note Children coming to Canada with a parent who holds a work permit need a study permit before they enter Canada. See "Children's schooling" in the Canada work permits section.